Abortion Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 3

Abortion - Research Paper Example Though these â€Å"sides† may be difficult to come to terms with, they offer essential insights, even though other relevant sides of the stories may outweigh these insights. The rhetoric, then concerning abortion discussions revolves around labels such as the pro-life and pro-choice (Alcorn, 2009). Nonetheless, what these discussions technically advance it that either side of the former is against life, while the other side is against choice. Ultimately, these discussions ignore the nuances in a victim’s (person’s) position. Well, with regard to these, various moral principles try to demystify the moral groundings of abortion. The first moral consideration is that which considers the status of the unborn child, while the second one is that which considers the rights of the expectant women or rather pregnant women (Alcorn, 2009). A great deal of the debate regarding abortion has revolved around the knowledge, namely, whether an unborn child or the fetus is a person or not. Consequently, if an unborn child is a person, then it has the rights that belong to persons, and not thereof limited to the right to life. Thus, the personification of the unborn child or the fetus is the link between the former and the right to life (Alcorn, 2009). Therefore, from a philosophical point of view, it is clear that an unborn child in itself is a person. That is, an individual with his or her own right regardless of its status or position. Nonetheless, it is difficult to determine the exact stage at which a fetus develops into or becomes a person (Alcorn, 2009). Could it be at conception, the first trimester, or even at birth? This therefore is the technicality. Nonetheless, taking the life of a person is in itself an illegal act, and the moral grounding of the act may be unjustifiable. The interesting thing about pregnant women is that they are bestowed with the

Miep Gies Essay Example for Free

Miep Gies Essay Miep Gies (2/15/1909-1/12/2010) opposed the holocaust by aiding the Jews from the Germans. She was one of many Dutch saviors of the Holocaust. For over two years, she administered food, shelter, companionship, and news of the outside world to eight Jewish people. The Frank Family, the van Pels, and a Jewish dentist named Fritz Pfeffer were taken great care of. By virtue of her gratitude, these Jews were fortunate enough to have Miep in their lives. Miep jeopardized her own life when she assisted in hiding the eight innocent people. She brought food for them secretly and knew that there was serious trouble waiting for her if she were to get caught. Her husband, Jan Gies, also cooperated in aiding Jews. He provided ration cards that he attained illegally so Miep could get more food. She also visited various grocery shops each day to refrain from suspicion and prying among other individuals. The employees in Otto Frank’s business were not aware about the Secret Annex. Due to this, Gies attempted to avoid entering the hiding place during office hours. The hiding place is located in an empty part of Opekta’s premises on the Prinsengracht canal. It had an entrance of a regular door and then the door was replaced with a bookcase to make it less questionable. Work went on as usual and normal in the front part of the building. The frightened people were sealed in the Secret Annex near the rear. They stayed as quiet as possible so the workers and Nazis wouldn’t discover them. Gies also provided something especially valuable in their lives, companionship and news of the outside world. Since the Jews could not make any outside commotion, Miep brought them the most recent news of events during World War II. Although the news became increasingly hopeless, her hope never faded. Her and her husband’s presence helped in providing comfort towards the families. Thankfully, their companionship kept everything stable. Despite knowledge of the possible consequences, Miep was determined to keep the Jews safe from the Nazis. She accompanied the Frank family, the van Pels, and Pfeffer with food, shelter, and companionship. Gies was aware of the dangerous risks she had taken upon herself and her husband. She was more than willing to jeopardize her own life to rescue the lives of others. Miep Gies opposed the Holocaust in a way better than any other, by saving lives.

Perception of Crime and the Criminal Justice System

Perception of Crime and the Criminal Justice System Question 1 Fear of crime is defined by Ferraro (Ferraro, 1995: 8) as â€Å" an emotional response of dread or anxiety to crime or symbols that a person associates with crime† (Lab, 2014: 11). In other words fear creates negative emotions with a victim that impacts negatively on and traumatize the individual. For instance very often a woman is scared to open the door of her house after she or an acquaintance have been exposed to an armed house robbery in the recent past. Deterrence is defined in the SBS Study guide (CPM100: 5) as â€Å" Means preventing crime in general because of fear of being caught by police, prosecuted through the courts and punished. It also means eliminating the physical opportunities to commit crime by the presence of a police official, or by using locks or alarms and other (physical) measures according to Van Heerden (Van Heerden,1976:154-155). The Merriam-Webster On-line dictionary defines deterrence as: â€Å" the inhibition of criminal behavior by fear especially of punishment† (http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/deterrence date of access 19 March 2015) In other words you will refrain from drinking more drinks at a pub than allowed by the legal limit according to the law. If you know that if you dink more than two beers will result in the blood alcohol level in your blood exceeds the legal limit, you will stick to it or arrange for designated driver. The factor that will encourage you is that the police have roadblocks in your area where they test your blood alcohol levels. The penalty for drinking and driving very severe and you may also loose your driver’s license for a period. The idea of those consequences deters you from drinking and driving. a) The first one is referred to as Specific deterrence. It focuses specifically on the individual. The aim of this deterrence is to prevent repeat offences by the individual by discouraging a repetition and by creating an understanding that there will be consequences. b) Secondly there is General or indirect deterrence. This deterrence focuses on making examples of perpetrators. It is not specifically focuses on influencing the public view and perception by instilling harsh and decisive punishment for crimes committed. It focuses on possible future offenders and prevents crimes before they can be committed. (Schmalleger, 2003, p. 406), (http://www.bookrags.com/essay-2005/4/17/32917/6373/#gsc.tab=0 , Date of accessed: 19 March 2015). In other words specific deterrence focuses on the perpetrator that was being found guilty in a court of law and receives his sentencing. The severity of the punishment will deter him from committing crime in future. General or indirect deterrence focuses more on the general public by making an example of this specific offender and instilling a suitable sentence in order to discourage future offenders from committing similar crimes. a) The first requirement of deterrence is Severity; according to Lab (2014:175), it is when you have to ensure the punishment will be harsh enough in order to deter the would be offender from committing the offence. If an would be armed robber knows that should he be caught and found guilty in a court of law, he will be sentenced to a minimum of twenty years in prison. b) Certainty; According to Lab (2014: 175) it deal with the chances of being caught, in other words if the would be offender knows that the police is understaffed and that the detectives are inexperienced and have just to much work, chances of them focusing on every docket are very slim, he might not be deterred from committing the crime. If the local police are perceived to be corrupt and criminals knew that from experience they can buy their way out, they might nit be deterred. c) Celerity: According to Lab(2014: 276) it deals with the swiftness of punishment or pain that will be inflicted after committing a crime. Swift punishment after there experiencing of the pleasure of committing the crime is needed in order to prevent a possible crime. Should a criminal be caught soon after an armed robbery that as widely published a be arraigned in court soon after that serves as a deterrent. Should you be able to get swift trial and conviction while the act that he committed is still fresh in the minds of himself, and the public, it serves well as a deterrent, both for the criminal and other would-be criminals alike. An example of this type of prevention is the incident that was reported on News24 on the 22nd of March 2015. (http://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/Two-held-for-Joburg-armed-robbery-20150322: Date Accessed 24 March 2015) Two armed robbers attacked a guy that walked down the street in Johannesburg CBD. They wanted to carry his bags and he refused. They threatened him with a knife and robbed him of R40. Shortly after the incident the victim saw a police officer and alerted him. The two thugs were arrested and the money and knife found on them. They appeared in court on the 23rd oh March. Swift action and decisive, witnessed by many bystanders. 1.5.a) Crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED):. Lab (2014: 54) is of the opinion that the hardenings of architectural design, that include the whole layout of cities and neighborhoods as well as houses by means of physical security measures prevent crime. In other words if you design a neighborhood for instance with just one or two entrance/exit roads; you can effectively prevent crime by controlling the traffic. If those access routes are protected by CCTV cameras that monitor the traffic, even better. b) Neighborhood Crime Prevention: Lab (2014: 85) mentions that Neighborhood and Block Watches increases community awareness. The community discusses common problems and gets to know each other they look out for each other and solve problems together. The community also contributes and pool recourses, for instance by patrolling the neighborhood with their own vehicles at own expense. Garscom is a very successful community-policing group that operates in the Garsfontein area. It is run and organized by the community and has regular interaction with the Garsfontein Police Station. Another function of the forum is that they have an open door to the Station Commander where they report good and bad performances by the members of the station. c) Displacement and Diffusion: According to Lab (2014: 113) if a community makes it more dangerous for a armed robber to rob a shop, due to the fact that more and more shop owners armed themselves, the robbers would move to a safer neighborhood to target. In other words if a home owner installs burglar proofing to the windows of his house and install an burger alarm and build a two meter wall around his house, the would be burgled would rather target a softer target and if a whole neighborhood does the same the burglar would target a different neighborhood that is a softer target. d) Using the mass media to prevent crime: According to Lab (2014: 136) the implementation of the mass media to fight/prevent crime can be very effective. TV Shows like â€Å"Crimestop† and â€Å"When Duty Calls† where crime is reported and where photos of known criminals or suspects are shown and the public’s cooperation is requested are very useful in preventing crime. e) Developmental Crime Prevention: According to Lab (2014:158) this type of primary crime prevention, targets the potential of people to become criminals. In other words it targets the behavior, beliefs and attitudes that are learned by youths. These programmes target the youth and attempt to embed the right environments and learning at an early stage. Essentially what the youngsters learn and are exposed to dictate their future behavior. Captain Crime Stop has been used to great effect in the past to visit pre and primary schools with presentations and shows to influence kid’s behavior. a) Prediction for Secondary Prevention: According to Lab (2014: 194) The prediction of future offending where proper variables are used to perform analysis in order to prevent crime can be very effective. The two types are Clinical and Actuarial prediction. Clinical prediction involves more personal interviews and evaluations, where Actuarial prediction is done based on known parameters in available data. Data can be collected per police ward as per the CAS System and the management can analyze the data on for instance house robberies and then design a plan specifically to curb these types of crimes in the area. b) Situational Crime Prevention: According to Lab (2014:215 – 235) this type of crime prevention focuses to a great extent on planning before implementation. It leads to a more focused approach where places, individuals, and different things at risk are identified that are at risk to victimization and repeated victimization is prevented. For example, smash and grab incidents occur regularly at the robot on the fly-over in Garsfontein road. Female drivers early in the morning or just before sunset are targeted. A task team is formed and tasked to draft a plan on how to prevent the victimization of female drivers that drive alone in their cars. c) Partnerships for crime prevention: According to Lab(2014: 237 – 254) it includes Community policing. A very typical example is the old model of the British Police, the bobby on the beat. A specific police officer is assigned to a street, like for instance Oxford Street. He patrols this street every shift and gets to know all the shop owners, newspaper sales vendors and other people that frequent the street. He knows the ins and outs of the area and the people that frequent there providing a â€Å"personal† service to them. In Garsfontein specific police officers per shift are assigned to specific sectors to work in. d) Drugs, Crime and Crime Prevention: According to Lab (2014: 255 – 296) drugs and the use and sale of drugs have a definite effect on crime in an area. Drug addicts to support their habits for instance commit theft, prostitution and other petty crimes. Focus on the drug dealers and take them out of the equation and you bring down the levels of crime. e) Removing the potential reward(s) of the crime: According to website of The New York City Alliance Against Sexual Assault under the heading: Factsheets: Crime Prevention (http://www.svfreenyc.org/survivors_factsheet_17.html : Date of access: 24 March 2015) it mentions the removal of the potential reward(s) of the crime as a form of secondary crime prevention. It mentions that shop owners place tags on clothes that marks/stains the clothing with ink is it is removed after been stolen, thus rendering the reward/clothing useless. Another example closer to home is the method used by cash in transit companies to arm the cash containers with ink cartridges that stains the money if the container is opened after been stolen. 1.7.a) Specific Deterrence: Imprisonment : According to Lab(2104: 301 – 304), imprisonment serves as a form of tertiary deterrence. He argues that it is not the most effective form, but one of the most accepted forms used by society/the judicial system to prevent recidivism. b) Incapacitation: Tertiary Crime Prevention: According to Lab (2014: 297 – 335) involves tertiary crime prevention the actions taken to prevent the offender to repeat such an offence. Most of tertiary crime prevention falls with in the formal judicial system that means suitable punishment or pain inflicted by the court of law on an offender. It also serves, as deterrence for would be offenders to prevent them from committing crimes. For instance if a car-thieve receives a ten to fifteen-year sentence, it should prevent him from committing another similar offence once he served his sentence. According to the web page of US Legal.com Definitions, incapacitation is defined as :† the effect of a sentence in terms of positively preventing the sentenced person from committing future offenses. This concept is different from the theory of specific deterrence in which an offender is punished to make him/her understand the specific consequences of his/her offense. Incapacitation aims to prevent future crimes by taking away the offender’s ability to commit offenses† (http://definitions.uslegal.com/i/incapacitation-sentencing/ Accessed 24 March 2015). The three strikes rule is a good example of this type of tertiary prevention. This law means that an offender with two prior convictions is sentence to life imprisonment for the third offence. (Stanford Law School, Stanford Three Strikes Project, https://www.law.stanford.edu/organizations/programs-and-centers/stanford-three-strikes-project/three-strikes-basics Accessed 24 March 2014) c) Electronic Monitoring: According to Lab (2014: 310 – 316) the use of electronic monitoring provides a new avenue of incarceration. The convict is attached to an electronic monitor that monitors his movement and keep the convict for instance under house arrest and monitors enables the authorities to ensure that he remains in his house. d) Rehabilitation: According to Lab (2014 : 317 – 335) rehabilitation of criminals was the major method of tertiary crime prevention. He also argues that there is no uniform opinion that rehabilitation is very effective in recidivism. Lab mentions various rehabilitation programs like Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions, Intensive supervision and Restorative Justice as some that are implemented. Question 2 2.1.On the website BLAIR Analytics (http://www.bairanalytics.com/community/blog/crime-analysis-101-the-sara-model/, Accessed 24 March 2015), they outline the SARA Model as the steps that are taken in a problem orientating policing approach. These steps are: Scanning: The following information is gathered during this step: You need to identify recurring problems of that is of concern to both the public and the police. You need to identify the consequences of the problem for the community and the police as identified in the first step. The identified problems need to be prioritized. The next step is to develop goals that are not very specific, but are broadly defined. Before you can continue you need to reassure that the problems exist. Next you need to find out how often the problems occur and what the duration of these problems were. The next step is to choose the most prevalent problems for closer scrutiny. Analysis: Following the steps taken in the scanning phase you need to identify and form an understanding of situations and conditions that pre-empt or precede and also are present with the identified problem. The data then need to be collected pertaining to the problem need to be identified. Identify similar types of problems and research them. Make a list of how the problem is now being dealt with and also look at how the current response reflects the strong points and the weak points of the approach. The scope of the problem needs to be narrowed down and you need to look at specifics. Make a list of all he available recourses that may help you to obtain a better or deeper understanding of the problem. The last step is to design a workable hypothesis on why there is a problem. Response: The â€Å"R† in SARA stands for response. You completed the â€Å"S† scanning process of the problem and also completed the â€Å"A† analysis of the problem. Now you need to look at the response. Take the following steps: Have a brainstorming session to look for new type of interventions/strategies Look out for other communities that experience similar challenges and have a look at their solutions. Identify what of those solutions or strategies you want to use. Draft a response plan and gather all role players. Stating the specific objectives for the response plan. The last step in this section is to implement the planned interventions. Assessment: Following the implementation of the plan(s) you have to do a proper assessment: You need to find out is the designed plan was initialized and evaluate it. You need to gather qualitative and quantitative data of both before you responded with the plan and after you responded and compare it. Look at your goals that were set for the plan and find out if the specific objectives were reached. The process doesn’t stop here; you need to keep on looking for new strategies that may enhance the initial plan. Remember it is an ongoing process and you need to continuously assess and evaluate the process to make sure that is effective. (Website: Center for Problem- Orientated Policing, University at Albany, State University of New York. http://www.popcenter.org/about/?p=sara Accessed 24 March 2014) 2.2.a) Strengths: Identify and list all the strong points and attributes of your Unit or Police station and note it down. b) Weaknesses: Identify and list all the weaknesses or perceived weaknesses of your Unit or Police station in dealing with the problem. c) Opportunities: Identify and list all the opportunities you have available to deal with the identified problem. d) Threats: Identify and list the threats experienced or anticipated. 2.3.a) planning b) organizing c) leading d) controlling List of References Steven P. LAB, Crime Prevention, 2014, 8th Edition, Anderson Publishing, and imprint of Elsevier 225 Wyman Street Waltham, MA 02451, USA Southern Business School, Crime Prevention Management 1 Study Guide (CPM 100), 2008 Business School Revised 2014 (New Edition), Plot 10, R28 Service Road, Diswilmar, Krugersdorp. The Merriam-Webster On-line dictionary, (http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/deterrence date of access 19 March 2015) (Schmalleger, 2003, p. 406), (http://www.bookrags.com/essay-2005/4/17/32917/6373/#gsc.tab=0, Accessed: 19 March 2015). News24 on the 22nd of March 2015. Two held for Joburg armed robbery http://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/Two-held-for-Joburg-armed-robbery-20150322: Date Accessed 24 March 2015 Website: The New York City Alliance Against Sexual Assault under the heading: Factsheets: Crime Prevention http://www.svfreenyc.org/survivors_factsheet_17.html : Date of access: 24 March 2015 Web page of US Legal.com Definitions, http://definitions.uslegal.com/i/incapacitation-sentencing/, Accessed 24 March 2015 Website BLAIR Analytics http://www.bairanalytics.com/community/blog/crime-analysis-101-the-sara-model/, Accessed 24 March 2015 Website: Center for Problem- Orientated Policing, University at Albany, State University of New York. http://www.popcenter.org/about/?p=sara Accessed 24 March 2014 1

Theme Writing Essay -- Education Teaching Writing Essays

Theme Writing When I look at the first paper that I did for this class, I can see that what I wrote was theme writing. As a matter of fact I think this is an example that could be used to show people what it is that they shouldn't do when trying to move away from theme writing. I have used all the elements that I was taught in high school, and I can't seem to get rid of them. When I look at this paper I see a loose intro as to what it is that I would like to accomplish, I see four to five paragraphs of information, and a conclusion. I think that when I wrote this, I did it automatically, and with out any further thought. All the other writing that I have had to do thus far has called for theme writing, and I have had a very hard time getting away from it. I think if I were to be given the same assignment again,I would write something that was completely different. I think the person I represent in this first paper, is a person who thought they were a good writer, and what the end product shows is that I'm not as good as I thought I was. By having another look at this paper, I can see that I have a long way to go before I can consider myself to be a good writer. The worst thing about this paper is that I did exactly what I wasn't supposed to do. I wrote a theme, and if I remember right, we weren't supposed to do that. I think that during this quarter I learned how to write papers that aren't as rigid as the ones that I have written in the past, but I still think I have a long way to go to get better. Besides, I don't think a writer is able to become a good writer in 12 weeks. I'm not even sure if I want to be a writer. I would rather analyze novels, and other writers works than my own. I think the best way to describe the re... ...o look at as writing like this, we all are at different levels, and no matter how hard some of us try, we will never get to the same level as the people ahead of us. Some of us are always going to be behind, and that's o.k. I'm only starting to come to terms with this idea, but I think this is something that I should keep in mind due to the fact that I'm extremely hard on myself, and I should realize that we all can't be at the same level. I guess for my final statements on this paper, I should be constructive instead of destructive. I think this is one of the better papers I have written this quarter in this class. But I do realize that I have some things that I need to work on. I know that I can only hope to move forward in my writing, and with patience, practice, and persistence, I'll get to where I want to be. But for now I will have to take what I can get.

Health Benefits of Coffee Essay

â€Å"Overall, research shows coffee is more healthful than harmful. For most, a lot of good comes from drinking it, more so than a lot of bad. † Tomas DePaulis, PhD states. In fact, drinking a few cups a day may be healthy according to Harvard’s Women’s Health Watch. People who drink coffee on a regular basis appear to acquire some advantages compared to those who don’t drink it at all. These benefits include but are not limited to: a lower risk of type 2 diabetes, reduced risk of gallstones, lower colon cancer risk, and reduced risk of parkinson’s. â€Å"I think on average, the consumption of caffeine probably does create a public health risk. † Dr. Jim Lane claims. â€Å"Coffee drinkers put themselves at greater risk of hear attack, stroke, or early death. † Health risks linked to coffee consumption include: worsening of PMS symptoms in some women, reducing fertility in women while trying to conceive, insomnia, anxiety, and irritability. Section 2 Tomas DePaulis , PhD, is a research scientist at Vanderbilt University’s Institute for Coffee Studies. Dr. Jim Lane is a researcher at the Duke University Medical School. Both of their opinions are for the general public, anyone who’s interested in finding out about benefits, or risks of coffee drinking. They both give valuable information for any reader, the good and the bad. Both DePaulis’ and Lane’s research seems to agree with what their opinion is, both research opposes the other. Section 3 I love everything about coffee, the taste, the smell, and the effect. I hadn’t really thought about risks or advantages of drinking it until I had to start researching coffee. I found both sides to the research very interesting, and it’s definitely hard to know which one proves to be true, and which proves to be incorrect. I’m no scientist but as much as I love coffee I find it hard to believe there would be any risks in drinking it, and was a bit startled when I came across research to show health risks.

Honda Vietnam Final Essays

Honda Vietnam Final Essays Honda Vietnam Final Essay Honda Vietnam Final Essay The first factory was opened in 1 998 and the second in 2008 in Vine Pouch province, with a total capacity of 1. 5 million motorbikes a year and total workforce of 4,935 workers. If the first factory was an evidence of a serious and long -? term investment of Honda in Vietnam, the second factory is a great effort of Honda Vietnam to prove that it focuses a lot of attention to the environmental and social issues, which is the harmonious combination of three natural sources of energy: Wind, Light and Water to generate environmental and friendly technology. Recently, the third plant was officially inaugurated in Ha Name province, increasing the total capacity to over 2 million motorbikes a year. There is no doubt that Honda Vietnam has had the greatest contribution to the motorcycle industry of Vietnam, in meeting a variety of demands and needs of the customers. Honda Vietnam is proud to become one of the biggest motorcycle manufacturers in the Asian region as well as in the globe (Honda Vietnam, 2014) From the perspective of operation management, managers should take the highest accessibility in quality control and quality assurance of the products, making sure that all the motorbikes produced satisfy the customers needs to the optimal level. . 2. Organizations Customers According to Slack et al. (201 3), the customers of an organization include internal and external customers. An internal customer is defined as a process or an individual belonging to an operation which is the customer Of other internal process or individuals. In the meantime, an external customer operates in a free market (Ibid) which could be the companys wholesalers, retailers and individual customers. T he authors stated that in order to satisfy the external customers, the internal customers must be satisfied as well. Thus, treating both the external and internal customers with the same level of consideration and care will improve the effectiveness of the whole operation (Ibid). In accordance with the theory of Slack, both the people in Honda Vietnam and the consumers are the internal and external customers respectively. Different customers will specifically have different expectations towards the companys outputs, which are defined as competitive factors of the products. Slack et al. 2013) divide these factors into two types: order winning and qualifying factors. The order winning criteria directly and considerably contribute to the victory of the product in the market, as such the customers with order winning preference will enjoy a high quality, fastest product, and extremely reliable and flexible product. Meanwhile, the qualifying criteria mark the boundary in which the product must at least equalize those criteria to be considered by the customers, for instance a workable product with basic functions, which is affordable and fast enough. In line with this concept by Slack et al. 013), the customer order-winning criteria of Honda Vietnam will aim at the most expensive motorcycles with most advanced technology and modern motorcycles such as SSH 1 25 c, SSH 1 SO c, PC, and Air blade. The customer qualifying criteria will pay more attention to the basic and old style (workable competition, low cost) of Honda Vietnam such as Wave Alpha, Super Dream, and Wave S. 1. 3. Operation objectives The external customers as aforementioned are the repres entatives of the market. Obviously, without understanding the need of the markets, the company will fail to realize which priority it should focus on, including but not emitted to quality, speed, dependability, flexibility and cost. For instance, when the customers value the low-priced products, the operation should aim at reducing cost; when the quality is valued, the operation should aim at producing high quality products. Honda Vietnam has four main operation objectives: (1) quality, (2) speed, (3) flexibility, and (4) cost. To Honda Vietnam, the company is well aware of the importance of quality objective in its operation of motorcycle manufacturing. The high quality motorbike means that all the parts and the assembly are made to highly standardized specifications. All the spare parts, no matter are produced in any country; must strictly comply with the technology secrets of Honda Japan, which have globally recognized quality. For instance, the tires used in manufacturing the motorbikes must be carefully examined in advance by Honda Vietnam and match each type of motorbike (Honda, 2014). Furthermore, all spare parts of Honda Vietnam must have the certified stamp of Honda Motor Co. Ltd. To indicate the high quality parts (Ibid). Speed is another operation objective Of Honda. It is the effort to minimize the time from the customers request of the product to receiving that product. In such a competitive business environment, speed plays an important role in determining the survival and growth of a business. The speed not only helps reduces the inventory cost but also risk during the operation process (Slack et al. 2013). Honda Vietnam has to compete with a number of giant motorcycle producers such as Pigging, Yamaha, Suzuki and GYMS. Clearly, if the objective of speed is not achieved, the external customers will direct their choice to other products of the other competitors. Fortunately, the speed factor in Honda Vietnam is always guaranteed thanks to the spare parts which are directly manufactured by the many itself. This result in a considerable time saved for deliver ing spare parts to the manufacturer like in other plants. The third operation objective of Honda Vietnam is flexibility. Theoretically, flexibility enables the company to create new product and service, more variety, flexible volumes and delivery dates, etc. Closely based on the customers demand of flexibility, Honda Vietnam has designed a number of motorcycles of the same brand. Take Wave brand as an example. The Wave has various brand names such as Wave Alpha, Wave S Deluxe, and Wave RSI. In this order, the motorcycle was enhanced with new specification and renovation, satisfying the customers demand and affordability. Last but not least, the forth operation objective of Honda Vietnam is cost. Whether competitive in cost, any dollar of cost saving add more to the profit of the company, thus cost objective is an extremely attractive (Slack et al. , 2013). In achieving this operation objective, Honda has built up 3 motorcycle plants in total in the two Northern provinces of Vietnam, recruiting directly the Vietnamese employees and has invested a lot in green technology, which together aims to reduce operation cost. 2. ANALYSES AND FINDINGS 2. 1 . Analyses of transformation process All operation process are the input transformation output process. It means that the input resources are either (or both) transformed themselves or (and) are transforming something else to the output (I . E. Product or service) (Slack et al. , 2013). Obviously, whether the aforementioned operation objectives are achieved or not depends significantly on the transformation process. For instance, whether the outputs are qualified depends on the quality of the inputs, the technology used to transform such inputs, and the skills of the staff, etc. Due to the specific nature of the industry, each many will have predominant input resources. For the manufacturer like Honda Vietnam, the most important transformed input resources are the materials, and followed by the information whereas customers are not a key part of the transformed inputs. The materials such as steel, plastic, iron, bronze, glass, paint and spare parts such as battery, brakes, clutch, exhaust, mirrors, lighting, cables, filters, levers, tires, bearings and clutch, etc. Re the most frequent transformed inputs of Honda Vietnam to manufacture a complete motorcycle. In addition, the information can be considered another transformed input. It means that the idea of the engineer and the design draft stored in his computer software about a motorcycle have been transformed into a real motorbike. Regarding the transforming input resources, Honda Vietnam combines successfully the resources of facilities and human. The facilities include the building the plants, the machin eries such as rail, assembly chain, and an equally important factor of technology. The staff here means the relevant people at all levels from top management, middle, and line manager to the whole employees who are contributed whether directly or indirectly to the production of a motorbike. In addition to such tangible resources, intangible resources are also of utmost important in the motorcycle industry, such as relationship with the suppliers, the established reputation, the corporate culture, the intellectual property and knowledge transmission, etc. Have their own irreplaceable values (Slack et al. , 2013). Honda Vietnam is not an exception and all of the intangible resources contribute a considerable role in gaining the competitive advantage for the company in the local market. The next part will present in more details if the transformed and transforming input resources are able to meet the operation objective and customers demand. 2. 2. Analyses Of transformed resources After nearly two decades of presence and operation in Vietnam, Honda Vietnam has made a long strive in helping the motorcycle industry be able to fully competitive in the world; even Vietnam has become the leading country in motorcycle manufacturing. More proudly, The Investment Review (2014) states that Vietnam almost no longer depends on other countries, in particular China in importing spare parts and materials. Instead, Honda Vietnam has achieved the average localization rate of 93%, some motorbike rand even have the rate of 99%. This is a great figure if it is compared to Honda Vietnamese localization rate of 10% in 1 998 (Ibid). By directly manufacturing almost all necessary components Of a motorbike, Honda Vietnam has created a truly trademark of Made in Vietnam for the local motorcycle industry (Ibid). Thanks to the great attempts, Honda Vietnam now can save a lot of costs such as import duties, import procedure costs, and transportation costs (via cars, ships, trains, or even flights). The spare parts are produced and examined directly in the plant, also saving time for the manufacturing process. It is worth emphasizing again that all the spare parts made by Honda have been widely recognized in the global scale as high quality and reliable components, despite it is only on establishment standard basis rather than any international standards like ISO or EUROPE, etc. However, the Honda trademark of the spare parts has been widely associated with high quality and gained trust and confidence from the consumers. In other words, the operation objective of quality has been successfully delivered by Honda Vietnam, I. E. It satisfied the order-winning customers. The localization rate of the transformed input resources has educed the production cost and created an opportunity for the consumers to use a premium product with a lower cost than ever before. Take the SSH motorbike as an example. SSH is the most expensive product line of Honda Vietnam, which costs around 5,000 USED at the time of 2009 or equivalent to 100 million VEND. The localization rate, according to Mr.. Masking Garish, the ex-CEO of Honda Vietnam, enables the price to lower and completely affordable (Tan Viet Securities, 2012). Currently, the SSH brand is far away from something too luxurious, at the price ranging from 2,500 USED to 3,300 USED to ,000 USED depending on each brand (SSH mode, SSH chic, or SSH chic respectively)l . Honda Vietnamese products have increasingly met the affordability of the local consumers With many types of motorbikes with the unchanged and global standard quality, I. E. The cost and flexibility operation objective has been targeted. 2. 3. Analyses of transforming resources The transforming resources of Honda Vietnam are mainly facilities and people, as mentioned in Section 2. 1. To be more specific, each operation process is characterized with different features, depending on a number of factors known as ups and vs.. The ups include Product (type of product, nature Of demand, price and quality); Process (type of process, process capacity); Plant (capacity of plant, location, layout and type of technology); Plant programs (production plans, maintenance plans, warehousing and logistics); and People (type of skill and knowledge as well as their aptitude and motivation). Meanwhile, the vs. are composed of the Volume of output, Variety of output, Variation in the demand for the output and degree of Visibility that the customers have of the output creation (Slack et al. 2013). The key components of SSP Mill be discussed in this section. In Honda Vietnam, each of the three manufacturing plants have the own purpose. While the first plant in Vine Pouch province is the birthplaces of almost types of motorbikes in particularly Wave and Dream, the second plant also in the province specializes in the high quality gear motorcycles and scooters, and the third plant in Ha Name province will produce mainly scoote rs, in particular Honda Airbed 1 25 c due to the high demand of the market for the scooters (Saigon Times, 2014). Each of the plant is divided with clear layout and distinct functions, including 7 areas: workshop for assembling engines and monuments, workshop for assembling final motorcycle, casting workshop, spare part processing workshop, plastic molding workshop, paint and welding workshop. Interestingly, the factors of technology and environment have been always well perceived and properly implemented by Honda Vietnam. All the plants utilize the availability of three natural resources: Wind, Solar and Water resources in the most harmonize and adequate manner. This not only makes the atmosphere in the factories fresh and bright but also save a great amount of energy cost for the company. Furthermore, the whole prod auction recess meets the strictest environmental and quality regulations in the world and Vietnam, such as ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 (Honda, 2014). The motorcycle is also equipped with the most advanced technology, such as the use of chic esp. engine in replacement of the old chic, which makes the motor more smooth, with stronger capacity but less energy consumption. Not only Airbed, but also PC 125, SSH 125 and most recently Lead 2013 use this technology (Autocrat, 2013). In reference to the operation objectives, it is doubles that the facilities and technology have contributed to the speed and cost objectives of the company. Together with the specialization of plants and state of the art technology used, the people in Honda Vietnam are also specialized. The employees are well equipped with protection costumes and necessary knowledge to fulfill their tasks. Moreover, they are always motivated by the long established reputation, image as well as a wonderful corporate culture which is inspired greatly by the Japanese top management. Honda Vietnam is not only respected for their efforts in the motorcycle industry of Vietnam but also for their corporate social responsibilities, such as sponsorship for a number of education contests and awareness raising managing (Honda Young Engineers and Scientists, Young Inventors, and Traffic Safety Live Programs, etc. (Honda Vietnam, 2014). These invisible values certainly inspire and motivate all the people including the manufacturing workers to try their best to devote to the accomplishment of Honda Vietnam. Regarding the vs., overall the process of motorcycle manufacturing is impacted by high volume, low variety, low variation, and low visibility. A motorbike will be completed in every 30 seconds, and each year the total capacity of three plants is approximately 2. Million motorbikes to meet the inc reased market demand. Each motorbike will be slightly different or renovated from the older mode, thus the low variety and low variation in the market demand will help Honda Vietnam maintain a low unit cost, high standardization, stability and predictability (Slack et al. , 2013). Last but not least, the low visibility which means the low customers experience of the operation activities also adds to the lower unit cost and higher standardization. However, the time lag between production and consumption could be affected (Ibid). 2. 4. Analyses of value-added output The value-added output is one the efficiency measurement of the operation recess, which is the work content to only those tasks which add value to the process (Slack et al. , 2013). According to Autocrat (201 3), the average time of producing a motorbike is 30 seconds. Thus, to achieve the capacity of around two million units a year, more than 1,800 units must be manufactured a day by each plant. With the current production time, the total hours spending on motorcycle manufacturing must be around 15 hours. 3. RECOMMENDATION TO ACHIEVE OPERATION OBJECTIVES The analysis above indicates that Honda Vietnam has successfully meet the market demand with a proper operation process. As the process is not managed by the customers (low visibility), Honda Vietnam shout continue inspiring and motivating the employees, as well as issuing strict rules of quality controls so that all of the employees are committed to the highest quality assurance. In addition, with the high acidity to achieve such a value added efficiency, Honda Vietnam should continuously reconsider the shifting policies so that the health and benefits of the employees are guaranteed. In the meantime, Honda should continue applying the most advanced technology to not only reduce cost but also brings prestigious reputation for he company itself as the leading manufacturer with user, environmental -? friendly technology. As such, the operation objectives of Honda Vietnam will sustainable achieved.